Isnin, 19 Ogos 2019

Online learning opportunities available for marginalized learners and their access to distance learning network. .


by
Nooraini binti Khaironi, Student,  Master in Education, 
City University, Menara City U, Petaling Jaya, Selangor.



Every individual has the right to education, whether formal or informal.   Even geographical barriers, social economy and culture can be overcome with the existence of emerging virtual learning or online learning opportunities.  Especially for marginalized learner.

Marginalized learners.
The term marginalized has expanded from originally referring to minorities and persons from poverty,  hearing disability, visually, and physically challenged person, autism spectrum persons, gifted and talented persons and persons with disfigurements.   At Syracuse University, students from marginalized learner also can be the target of negative beliefs, behaviors, or judgments basis of multiple aspects of their identity, including but not limited to: race, gender or gender identity, ability, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, sexuality, age, and  religion group.

Here are successful distance learning network practice for marginalize learner.

·         Expanding Educational Access for Rural School.
Expanding educational access is one of the most often cited benefits to virtual learning.  Rural schools and school districts often use virtual environments to provide courses that they would.

The Copper River School District (CRSD) in Glennallen, Alaska, has  is one of an example virtual program that allows it to offer more than 250 different courses in a high school population for only 100 students. Relying on labs scattered throughout the district’s large geographic region and staffed by dedicated mentors, virtual courses allow students to build course schedules that are right for them without placing strain on the district’s resources.

·         The Use Of Technology In Special Education: Application And Solutions
The educational standards claim that students with disabilities should be provided with opportunities to realize their potential. They should participate in education and training on the same basis as students without disabilities and that they are not subject to discrimination. Due to the progress in the IT industry, digital technologies are easily accessible and widespread which allows using them for providing students with new opportunities.

Technologies in special education allows simplifying the communication and improve the academic skills of students with disabilities. For example,for students with speech problems to overcome the communication barrier, here is one systems use picture charts, books, and specialized computers providing functions of word-prediction for more effective communication.

·         Promoting learning among refugees.
The Varkey Foundation Teach to Reach Remote Classrooms Project (TRC) funded by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) is the world’s first satellite enabled live two-way interactive distance learning program for children living in a refugee camp.  Each classroom in the school is equipped with a projector and a low-cost durable computer to receive lessons via a solar-powered satellite link in sub-Saharan Africa.  The Ampain primary school has been fitted with a satellite dish, which, through solar powered technology, receives a live link to highly qualified teachers in a studio in Accra who broadcast lessons direct to the refugee camp.  Each classroom has a projector so all the children can see the teacher giving the lessons, and each classroom has also been provided with a computer so that children can interact with the teacher in a direct, live, two-way link.

This allows the refugee children catch up with their basic education through literacy, numeracy lessons and learn the language of their host country.


Conclusion
Technology tools apparently help teacher, parents, and community work together to overcome the barriers and share the best practices with one another in education.  Which helps all education line occur individualized instruction that meets the specific needs and learning styles of students, flexible scheduling, flexibility for students in time and location, opportunities for homebound and other students who cannot attend a brick and mortar school.  It give an opportunities, improved student outcomes and skills, and increased education choice.

So, no child left behind.  Cause all child have right for education.  Through education we can contribute to prepare future-ready citizens who are technologically savvy, globally competent, and prepared to engage in a 21st-century knowledge-based economy.

References:

Alice Bonasio (2017) How technology is helping education reach refugee children. EDTECH TRENDS.
https://www.cio.com/article/3202694/how-technology-is-helping-education-reach-refugee-children.html

Helping a Small District Provide Big Course Offerings in Glennallen, AK. Edmetum.com
https://blog.edmentum.com/how-four-schools-are-using-virtual-learning-solve-unique-challenges
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f2ed/031d0fe484ffe92923837bb559e988153ba5.pdf







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